ABSTRACT: The study investigated the impact of motivation on workers performance in an organization in bendle brewery Nigeria limited. The study was conducted with the workers of bundle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City constituting the population and a sample size of 150 drawn from it. The mixed methodology approach thus both quantitative and quantitative designs were employed in conducting the study. The two were considered because the merits of one compensate for the weaknesses of the other. Both types are valid and useful but not mutually exclusive. The bottom line is both methods ensured a greater understanding of a population. The data collection technique was the case study method alongside the questionnaire and interview research instruments were used in collecting data. Most of the literature reviewed by the study on motivation theory and practice concentrated on various theories regarding human nature in general and motivation in particular, failing to give anything concrete on the practical aspects of it in the workplace. Respondents who participated in the survey were asked varied questions in relation to organization’s reward, good working condition and reasonable pay system.
Data collected and analysed indicated that, employees when motivated very well are able to give their optimum best. The results of the study and its interpretation revealed that; There is a significance influence of organization’s reward and workers performance in Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City. There is a significance influence of good working condition and workers performance in Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City. There is a significance influence of reasonable pay system (regular payment of salaries, bonuses) and workers performance in Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City. All these findings put together and reporting the view of employees of Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City shows that indeed there is a relationship between motivation and performance at the workplace as all the variables studied pointed to the fact the way employees feel about themselves, their work and treated by management goes a long way to determine their output.
The Impact Of Motivation On Workers Performance In An Organization In Bendle Brewery Nigeria Limited
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
The most daunting task of a manager of any organization is how best to put together human and materials resources to achieve the mission, vision and objectives of the organization. One of the postulations of management sciences is that none of the factors of production, no matter how sophisticated it is can replace the input of personnel in an organization. This simply underscores the inevitable need of a workforce that works like “live machines” to make the organization productive. If this statement is true of the workers or personnel of organization, then the manager faces the task of figuring out the best way of getting the staff put in his or her best to propel the organization to enduring or sustainable productivity. The human nature has a lot of roles to play in terms of how committed he will be in the organization he is part of the workforce. Human being is a conscious „homoeconomicus‟ whose actions and inactions, more often, are driven by circumstances that benefit him. These benefits might be extrinsic or intrinsic in nature.
Organizations are said to be efficient when they derive maximum output from the available resources. Although an organization possesses many of the assets but human resource is considered to be the most valuable asset of any organization. Non-human resources become effective for an organization only with the help of labor force (human resource). In the present world of globalization, a competent work force is believed to be a competitive edge for any firm. To be successful in the corporate world, the companies need to have a highly motivated, loyal and satisfied workforce.
Hence, the success of any business or organisation as a matter of fact depends largely on the motivation of the employees. Human resources are essential to the prosperity, productivity and performance of any company. Motivation is the key to creating an enabling environment where optimal performance is possible. This leads to the question how then do we ensure that the individual motivation is at its peak within the organisation or workplace? (Chapman, 2004).
The term motivation is derived from the Latin word ‘movere’ which means to move (Baron, Henley, McGibbon and McCarthy, 2012). Certo (2016) describes motivation as giving people incentives that cause them to act in desired ways. Motivation has also been described as the process of arousing and sustaining goal-directed behavior (Nelson, 2013). Bratton et al. (2007:248) defined it as a cognitive decision making process that influences the persistence and direction of goal directed behaviour. Work motivation can also be defines as the psychological forces within a person that determines the direction of that person’s behaviour in an organisation (George and Jones, 2008:183).
Element in the above definitions are: ‘effort’ -a measure of intensity that maximises employees potential capacity to work in a way that is appropriate to the job; ‘persistence’ -the application of effort work-related tasks employees display over a time period; and ‘direction’ -emphasises that persistent high level of work-related effort should be channelled in a way that benefits the work environment. Bartol and Martin (1998) describe motivation as a power that strengths behaviours, gives route to behaviour, and triggers the tendency to continue. This explanation identifies that in order to attain assured targets; individuals must be satisfactorily energetic and be clear about their determinations.
According to Cole (2009) that motivation is basically about what energies an individual to work in a specific method with a certain quantity of determination. Motivation is a pre disposition to perform in a purposive way to accomplish particular desires and needs (Buford et al, 1995). Motivation supports job satisfaction and increases the productivity of employees. One of the most significant elements is the determination that one lead to their aims. So this determination is known as motivation. This energy may originated from an external or internal sources. The employees determents this and if the managers know that what kind of motivations inspire the employees to do work for them, so they can adapt job rewards, fair promotion and assignment to makes these employees impulse. One of the most significant motivational factors is the money asserted by Akintoye (2000). The motivation tactics definitely accomplish the wants and needs of the workforce, and in returns the workers repay it through their hard work. Identifying the requirements and noticing it is the greatest important policy for each affiliation to gain the faithfulness of the employees (Chughtai, 2008).
According to Mc Cornick and Tifflin (2007), Motivation can be either extrinsic or intrinsic. Extrinsic motivations are those that are external to the task of the job, such as pay, work condition, fringe benefits, security, and promotion, contract of service, the work environment and conditions of work. While Intrinsic motivation on the other hand are those rewards that can be termed psychological motivations and examples are opportunity to use one‘s ability, a sense of challenge and achievement, receiving appreciation, positive recognition, and being treated in a caring and considerate manner. So many people have carried out researches in this area, some of which are Oloko (2003), Kayode (2003), Nwachukwu (2004), Egwurudi (2008). All these issues call for research efforts, so as to bring to focus how an appropriate reward package can jeer up or influence workers to develop positive attitude towards their job and thereby increase their productivity.
In the nutshell, the above submission shows that workers motivation is very essential to the growth, development and success of any business entity be it small or big. In the business world or better still the workplace human resources are the most valued and cherished resources above all others. Motivated workers are productive, happy and highly committed to their job. The spin off this, result in reduced employee turnover, results driven workers, loyalty and harmony. Thus, this study is seeks to assess the impact of motivation on workers performance in an organization in bundle brewery Nigeria limited, Benin City.
1.2 Statement of Problem
The performance of organizations and worker motivation has been the focus of intensive research effort in recent times. How well an organization motivates its workers (Intrinsic or Extrinsic) in order to achieve their mission and vision is of paramount concern. Employers in both private and public organizations are becoming increasingly aware that motivations increases productivity. From the foregoing, and looking at today‘s‘ economic trend, it is evident that the pace of change in our business environment presents fresh challenges daily. In a highly competitive, global environment, organizations are constantly under pressure to retain their workforce (Deci, 2013). Highly skilled, reliable and experienced employees are a valuable asset for any organization. It is evident that highly motivated employees are more likely to have high productivity. However, according to Certo (2006), good performance is not as a result of motivation only, but also includes ability i.e. skills, equipment, supplies and time.
It is worrisome to see some managers of an organization (bendle brewery Nigeria limited, Benin City inclusive) accusing their workers of negligence, laziness, purposeful lethargy, and lack of dedication and zeal to work. They further argue that workers level of efficiency and effectiveness does not necessitate the constant request for salary increase, incentives and better working conditions. While workers on their part argue that the existing salary structure, benefits and working conditions do not satisfy their basic needs in as much as other sectors of the economy have bigger salary structure, better motivation and enhanced working conditions. They are feel they have been cheated.
However, an organization is only as strong as its workforce. Human resources need to be treated with great care, since they are a special resource that needs to be given special managerial attention and time. (Storey, 2013). Therefore, studies like this are an invaluable resource in helping organizations identify and maximize on ways to motivate employees whilst mitigating employee turnover and under-performance (Steers and Porter, 2011). Additionally, different people are motivated by different factors. It is important for managers and supervisors to understand what motivates individual employees, and not assume a one-size-fits-all approach (George and Jones, 2013).
Hence, the success of any facet of business or company can be traced back to motivated employees. From productivity and profitability to recruiting and retention, hardworking and happy employees lead to harmony and organizational triumph (Ryan, 2012).
Lack of proper motivation factors may result in losses which may eventually lead to low staff turnover, poor attitude towards work, low output level and low profitability. It is in the light of these that the study intends to look into impact of motivation on workers performance in an organization in bendle brewery Nigeria limited, Benin City.
1.3 Objective of the Study
The general purpose of this study is to assess the impact of motivation on workers performance in an organization in bendle brewery Nigeria limited, Benin City. Specifically, the study sought to:
- Examine the impact of employee’s reward and workers performance in Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City.
- Examine the impact of good working condition and workers performance in Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City.
- Determine the extent to which reasonable pay system (regular payment of salaries, bonuses) influence workers performance in brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City.
1.4 Research Hypotheses
The following null hypotheses were tested at .05 level of significance.
- There is no significance influence of employee’s reward and workers performance in Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City.
- There is no significance influence of good working condition and workers performance in Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City.
- There is no significance influence of reasonable pay system (regular payment of salaries, bonuses) and workers performance in Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City.
1.5 Research Questions
- To what extent does organization’s reward influence workers performance in Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City?
- To what extent does good working condition influence workers performance in Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City?
- To what extent does reasonable pay system (regular payment of salaries, bonuses) influence workers performance in Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City?
The Impact Of Motivation On Workers Performance In An Organization In Bendle Brewery Nigeria Limited
1.6 Significance of the Study
It is often imperative to ask what would be the significance of any endeavour, be it academic or otherwise. This is also true of this study. The researcher anticipates that the study shall be of invaluable and great benefits to managers or an organization, supervisors and employees of workers and general public to reflect upon the impact of motivation on workers performance in an organization.
- The workers of Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City will be informed as to the incentive programmes available to them and how best to utilize them for personal development and improved performance.
- It will help an organization to change or review their workers motivational policies and strategies in vogue which will inevitably cause an increase in staff turnover or productivity which will also lead to growth and eventually development. This study will assist policy makers, professionals, researchers, and government bodies to devise policies and setting priorities that support the most productive parenting styles.
- Critical issues of motivation are of national concern as it will help in the retention of workers. So the study will be essential for all labour force especially Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City as it has come at the right time and at the right place to support organizational policies especially the policy to make the private sector the engine of growth of the economy.
- It will serve as a reference material for other researchers who may want to research in the study.
1.7 Scope of the study
The study will be limited to particular geographical entity known as Nigeria and specifically Bendle brewery Nigeria Limited, Benin City.
